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CSS Tips

Resources

Generally about CSS layouts: Smashing Magazine.

Border-box setting

html {
box-sizing: border-box;
}
*, *:before, *:after {
box-sizing: inherit;
}

BEM

Naming CSS classes is hard. Especially in bigger projects. There are some CSS naming systems. BEM is one of them and it’s quite simple. It focuses on defining:

  • Blocks - something that can exist on its own (e.g., hero)
  • Elements - something that is dependent on a containing block (e.g., hero__text)
  • Modifiers - a variation of something (e.g. btn—success)

Here’s a YT video about it.

SASS

A good CSS preprocessor to use is SASS.

Media Queries

We can either design our sites mobile-first or desktop-first. Usually, the latter is chosen (although the first option makes more sense nowadays). Then, the media queries are created for mobile.

Mobile-first

The argument for the mobile-first design is that webpages are responsive by default (images are an exception). Mobile websites look very similar to what we get without layout styling. The elements are usually displayed as blocks, one after another. That makes mobile design much easier to pull off.

Obviously, another argument is that nowadays people use smartphones a lot.

Thresholds

There are two main techniques for choosing breakpoints:

  • looking at sizes of specific devices (like iPhone or iPad) - there are so many devices nowadays, that this might be overwhelming
  • looking at our desktop-first site, resizing it, and just looking where it starts to look bad - probably a better alternative

It’s also worth remembering that realistically:

  • people are not going to change the size of the window too much while seeing the site
  • some sizes are not going to be used

What that means is that probably it doesn’t make sense to invest time into making the site look great on every possible screen size. Just focus on the realistic ones.

Common tresholds

Often poeple use 600px as a threshold between mobile and above, and then 900px between tablet and above. Additionally, if needed, 1200px and 1800px could be good choices for large monitors if we want to display things in special ways on those.

Here’s a nice article with some reasoning: freeCodeCamp.

Viewport

Don’t forget to use the viewport meta tag, otherwise the media queries will not work properly. Without it, the website will zoom out instead of being responsive on mobile.

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